Adrien Bussy / Jerome Maschio-Esposito ife15

Assignment 2

Theoretical part

Question 1:

The physical layer's function is to transport data using electrical, mechanical or procedural interfaces. The term Ethernet frame refers to the contents of a single packet of data transmitted over an Ethernet connection.

Question 2:

A media access control address (MAC address) is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment. Broadcasting is a method of disseminating data from a single source to a set of receivers.

Question 3:

A switch operates at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer (layer 3).
Hub is commonly used to connect segments of a LAN (Local Area Network). A hub contains multiple ports.
A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs (Wide Area Networks) or a LAN and its ISP.s (Internet Service Provider.s) network.

Question 4:

CSMA/CD is a multiple access method in which each user verifies that the channel is free before starting a show, and then listens during the show to detect a possible collision.
A half-duplex (HDX) is a two-way communication system, but not simultaneously. Once a party starts receiving a signal, it must wait for the transmitter to stop transmitting before responding. In full-duplex, the transmitter and receiver exchange information at the same time. Information flows in both directions of the channel simultaneously.

Question 5:

The ARP protocol has a leading role among the protocols of the Internet layer of the TCP/IP suite, because it allows to know the physical address of a network card corresponding to an IP address, that is why it is called Address resolution protocol.

Question 6:

Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) is a network boot protocol, which allows a client machine without a hard drive to discover its own IP address, the address of a server host, and the name of a file to load into memory for execution.
The DHCP is a network protocol responsible for automatically configuring the IP addresses of a computer network. This prevents the user who connects to a network for the first time from having to configure the IP stack of his equipment. DHCP works with IPv4 and IPv6, but IPv6 can do without it.

Question 7:

VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network or Virtual LAN) is a local network grouping a set of machines logically and not physically. Thanks to virtual networks (VLANs) it is possible to free oneself from the limitations of the physical architecture (geographical constraints, addressing constraints, ...)

Practical part

Question 1:



Question 2:



Question 3:



When we flush ARP cache:


Question 5:



Question 6:



When we release and renew IP address using ipconfig we have that: